Selenium WebDriver Cheat Sheet

Setup

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://example.com")

Locators

Strategy	Example
By.ID	driver.find_element(By.ID, "email")
By.CSS_SELECTOR	driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".btn-primary")
By.XPATH	driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//button[@type='submit']")
By.LINK_TEXT	driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "Sign In")
By.CLASS_NAME	driver.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "error-message")

Waits

# Explicit wait (recommended)
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
element = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, "submit")))

# Implicit wait (use sparingly)
driver.implicitly_wait(5)

Common Actions

element.click()
element.send_keys("text")
element.clear()
element.text              # Get visible text
element.get_attribute("href")
element.is_displayed()
element.is_enabled()

Assertions

assert "Expected Title" in driver.title
assert element.is_displayed()
assert element.text == "Expected Text"

Cleanup

driver.quit()  # Always quit in teardown